If you spend enough time in or around the cyber security industry, you will often hear the term “cyber security framework” mentioned. In this article, I will be briefly covering several common cyber security detection frameworks used by organizations to help understand adversary behavior during a cyber-attack. What is a Cyber Security Framework? A cyber security…

In this article, I will be covering some basic pivoting methods that can be used to access networks we would normally not have access to through compromised computers. To demonstrate these pivoting techniques, I will be using the TryHackMe Wreath Network, created by the user MuirlandOracle. …

This was an easy-difficulty Linux box that required basic scanning and analysis of an Android APK file to gain a foothold on the machine to get the user flag. The privilege escalation to root was also a relatively simple process and required using the Linux privilege escalation CVE-2021–3156 (i.e. …

This article provides a basic overview of how the Domain Name System (DNS) protocol works. In this article, we will explore the basic functionality of DNS and how it is used in AD environments. DNS is a large topic and this article will only cover the fundamentals, so with that…

This was an easy-difficulty Linux box that required basic scanning and enumeration to gain a foothold on the machine and get the user flag. The privilege escalation to root was also a relatively simple process and required using the Linux privilege escalation called CVE-2021–3560 (i.e. Polkit). Enumeration I started enumerating the…

This article provides a basic overview of the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP). In this article, we will explore the basic functionality of LDAP and how it is used in Active Directory (AD) environments. …

This article provides a basic overview of how New Technology LAN Manager (NTLM) authentication works. In this article, we will explore the basic functionality of NTLM authentication and how it is used in Active Directory. …

This article provides a basic overview of how the Kerberos authentication protocol works. In this article, we will explore the basic functionality of Kerberos and how it is used in Active Directory. …

Recently, I’ve been learning more about Active Directory and how it is used in today’s modern networks. …